双减背景下的儿童发展与家庭教育
– 小学生家长心理讲座
Child development and family education through the Double Reduction policy
– A psychological lecture for parents of primary school students
“双减”政策落地后,有人欢喜有人忧。
课业负担的减轻让孩子们笑了,却也让一部分家长焦虑起来。
担心政策会给孩子的学习,以及今后的教育带来更多的影响;
担心没有了课外补习,自己又没有时间或能力帮助孩子;
担心亲子之间会产生各种各样的新冲突。
After the implementation of the “Double Reduction” policy, some parents seem happy, while others are concerned.
The ‘reduction’ makes children happier, but it also makes some parents anxious.
Parents worry that the policy will have a serious impact on their child’s studies and future education.
Parents worry that they won’t have the time or ability to help their children without the extra lessons outside of school hours.
Parents are also concerned about the potential for new conflicts between parents and children.
那么,我们该如何调整心态,根据孩子的心理发展特点及认知发展水平,恰到好处地帮到孩子,更好地激发孩子的学习内驱力,增强孩子的学习成就感、学习效能感,帮孩子平衡好学习的快乐和压力呢?
So, how can we properly adjust our thinking in order to help children balance happiness and the pressures of learning? Research on children’s psychological development characteristics and their cognitive development levels suggests that we should focus on helping children by better stimulating their learning and by enhancing both their sense of achievement and learning efficacy.
2021年10月22日,我校邀请到中国心理学会青年工作委员会副主任、上海市心理卫生学会常务理事、上海市心理学会副秘书长、上海师范大学儿童发展与家庭研究中心执行主任——蔡丹教授为小学生的家长带来了一场心理讲座——《双减背景下的儿童发展与家庭教育》。
On October 22, 2021, SUIS Qingpu invited Professor Cai (China Psychological Association) to the campus to provide a psychological lecture to parents. Professor Cai currently holds a number of important positions: Deputy Director of Youth Work; Standing Director of the Shanghai Institute of Mental Health; the Psychological Association’s Deputy Secretary-General of Shanghai; and Executive Director of Shanghai Normal University’s Family and Child Development Research Center. His lecture was entitled, “Child development and family education in line with the Double Reduction policy”.
蔡教授首先从政策的细则出发,结合小学生的认知发展进行了分析,减轻了家长们的担忧。使家长们明白了“双减”最终是为了补充孩子的睡眠、增加户外运动时间、增加阅读时间,从而减轻孩子的压力,促进孩子的认知发展和积极心理发展。明白孩子未来更好的出路,跟目前补课之间的关系是不可以推导的,而是和孩子身心健康、人格完善、动机积极向上、亲子关系良好等关系更为密切。
Professor Cai first provided an analysis of the details of the policy in the context of the cognitive development of primary school students, easing concerns of the parents. His purpose was to help parents understand that ‘double reduction’ is ultimately aimed to promote children’s sleep, increase outdoor sports time, increase reading time, reduce pressure, and promote children’s cognitive and positive psychological development. We must understand that a better future for children involves a closer relationship between their physical and mental health, establishing a complete personality, increasing their positive motivation, and maintaining a healthy parent-child relationship.
之后,蔡教授通过丰富的案例,启示家长们除了学校教育,家庭教育对于童年期的学生也至关重要,而家庭环境更是促进孩子今后更好发展的源动力。家长们知道了作为父母如何开展家庭教育和学习:
1.父母要做好孩子的榜样,陪伴孩子进行有益的亲子活动,促进孩子的学习能力。
2.父母要注重培养孩子良好的生活习惯,为孩子营造良好的学习氛围。
3.父母需要尊重孩子的大脑发育规律和学习节奏,当孩子遇到困难的时候提供帮助、支持和指导。
4.父母不要过分关注孩子的学业成绩,而要多关注孩子的学习过程,增强孩子的学习兴趣。
5.父母可以通过一些运动和亲子活动、游戏,加强学生的视知觉à视觉注意à视觉记忆能力和学生的听知觉à听觉注意à听觉记忆(复述与倒背的记忆)。
Professor Cai then provided a wealth of real-world examples, revealing for parents that in addition to school education, family education is also crucial for young students, and the family environment is the source of the motivation needed for promoting children’s better development in the future. Parents learned how to teach and learn at home:
- Parents should be good role models for their children, accompanying their children as they engage in beneficial parent-child activities and promoting their learning ability.
- Parents should pay attention to cultivating children’s positive life habits and creating a low-stress learning atmosphere for their children.
- Parents need to respect their children’s brain development and learning rhythm, and provide positive help, support, and guidance when their children encounter difficulties.
- Parents should not pay too much attention to their children’s academic performance but pay more attention to their learning process and enhance their interest in learning.
- Through sports, parent-child activities and games, parents can strengthen many characteristics and abilities in their children: visual perception; visual attention; visual memory ability and auditory perception; auditory attention; and auditory memory (retelling and reciting memory).
讲座中,家长们时而点头认同,时而提笔记录,时而报以掌声。他们纷纷表示此次讲座收获颇丰:
有的家长说:“比起孩子的学习结果,我觉得孩子本身的学习内驱力更重要。”
有的家长说:“原来情境式、具体形象的内容才是小学生学习的主要方式。”
有的家长说:“学习原来不只是语数外,生活常识、上天入地都是学习的内容。阅读、参观、讨论都是学习的方式。”
有的家长说:“没错!当孩子在学习中获得成就感时,他确实更加投入,也更愿意再次主动探索。”
还有的家长说:“没想到家庭教育对孩子有这么重要的影响,回家以后要多多开展亲子活动,训练孩子的视听知觉!”
During the lecture, parents sometimes nodded, sometimes took notes, and sometimes applauded. They all communicated that the lecture was fruitful:
Some parents commented that they believe “a child’s motivation is more important than his or her academic performance.”
Some parents said that “the main way for primary school students to learn is to use contextual and specific content.”
Several parents added that “learning is not just the number of languages one can learn – it involves developing a common sense of life, where Heaven and Earth are learning content. Reading, visiting, and discussing are all ways of learning.”
Some parents said, “That’s right! When a child feels fulfilled in learning, he is indeed more engaged and more willing to explore more.”
Finally, some parents commented that they “did not expect that family education had such an important impact on children…we will prepare more parent-child activities to train our child’s audio-visual perception!”
之后,“心灵小筑”心理辅导中心将会定期开设家长心理系列讲座。请扫描以下二维码,将您的需求填写在上面,我们将综合大家的建议,为大家提供适合的心理讲座。
SUIS Qingpu’s Psychological Counseling Center will continue to conduct a regular series of child psychology lectures. We encourage you to scan the following QR code and provide your suggestions. We will provide you with relevant psychological lectures based on your valued feedback.
希望我们共同携手,助力孩子健康快乐的成长!
We hope we can work together to help our students grow up healthily and happily!